Centos10 Stream 基础配置
NetworkManger
安装
dnf install NetworkManager
查看网络配置
nmcli
[root@Centos-S-10 /]# nmcli
ens33：已连接 到 ens33
"Intel 82545EM"
ethernet (e1000), 00:0C:29:08:3E:71, 硬件, mtu 1500
ip4 默认
inet4 192.168.31.70/24
route4 default via 192.168.31.1 metric 100
route4 192.168.31.0/24 metric 100
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe08:3e71/64
route6 fe80::/64 metric 1024
lo：连接（外部） 到 lo
"lo"
loopback (unknown), 00:00:00:00:00:00, 软件, mtu 65536
inet4 127.0.0.1/8
inet6 ::1/128
DNS configuration:
servers: 192.168.31.1
interface: ens33
nmcli device show
[root@Centos-S-10 /]# nmcli device show
GENERAL.DEVICE: ens33
GENERAL.TYPE: ethernet
GENERAL.HWADDR: 00:0C:29:08:3E:71
GENERAL.MTU: 1500
GENERAL.STATE: 100（已连接）
GENERAL.CONNECTION: ens33
GENERAL.CON-PATH: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/4
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER: 开
IP4.ADDRESS[1]: 192.168.31.70/24
IP4.GATEWAY: 192.168.31.1
IP4.ROUTE[1]: dst = 0.0.0.0/0, nh = 192.168.31.1, mt = 100
IP4.ROUTE[2]: dst = 192.168.31.0/24, nh = 0.0.0.0, mt = 100
IP4.DNS[1]: 192.168.31.1
IP6.ADDRESS[1]: fe80::20c:29ff:fe08:3e71/64
IP6.GATEWAY: --
IP6.ROUTE[1]: dst = fe80::/64, nh = ::, mt = 1024
GENERAL.DEVICE: lo
GENERAL.TYPE: loopback
GENERAL.HWADDR: 00:00:00:00:00:00
GENERAL.MTU: 65536
GENERAL.STATE: 100（连接（外部））
GENERAL.CONNECTION: lo
GENERAL.CON-PATH: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1
IP4.ADDRESS[1]: 127.0.0.1/8
IP4.GATEWAY: --
IP6.ADDRESS[1]: ::1/128
IP6.GATEWAY: --
修改网络配置
下面有很多可以修改的选项
[root@Centos-S-10 /]# nmcli connection modify ens33
ip4 ipv4.dns-options ipv6.addresses ipv6.ip6-privacy
ip6 ipv4.dns-priority ipv6.addr-gen-mode ipv6.may-fail
ipv4.addresses ipv4.dns-search ipv6.auto-route-ext-gw ipv6.method
ipv4.auto-route-ext-gw ipv4.gateway ipv6.dhcp-duid ipv6.mtu
ipv4.dad-timeout ipv4.ignore-auto-dns ipv6.dhcp-hostname ipv6.never-default
ipv4.dhcp-client-id ipv4.ignore-auto-routes ipv6.dhcp-hostname-flags ipv6.ra-timeout
ipv4.dhcp-dscp ipv4.link-local ipv6.dhcp-iaid ipv6.replace-local-rule
ipv4.dhcp-fqdn ipv4.may-fail ipv6.dhcp-pd-hint ipv6.required-timeout
ipv4.dhcp-hostname ipv4.method ipv6.dhcp-send-hostname ipv6.routed-dns
ipv4.dhcp-hostname-flags ipv4.never-default ipv6.dhcp-send-hostname-v2 ipv6.route-metric
ipv4.dhcp-iaid ipv4.replace-local-rule ipv6.dhcp-send-release ipv6.routes
ipv4.dhcp-ipv6-only-preferred ipv4.required-timeout ipv6.dhcp-timeout ipv6.route-table
ipv4.dhcp-reject-servers ipv4.routed-dns ipv6.dns ipv6.routing-rules
ipv4.dhcp-send-hostname ipv4.route-metric ipv6.dns-options ipv6.temp-preferred-lifetime
ipv4.dhcp-send-hostname-v2 ipv4.routes ipv6.dns-priority ipv6.temp-valid-lifetime
ipv4.dhcp-send-release ipv4.route-table ipv6.dns-search ipv6.token
ipv4.dhcp-timeout ipv4.routing-rules ipv6.gateway
ipv4.dhcp-vendor-class-identifier ipv4.shared-dhcp-lease-time ipv6.ignore-auto-dns
ipv4.dns ipv4.shared-dhcp-range ipv6.ignore-auto-routes
常用的选项
#ip
nmcli connection modify ens33 ipv4.addresses 1.1.1.1/24
#gateway
nmcli connection modify ens33 ipv4.gateway 1.1.1.1
#dns
nmcli connection modify ens33 ipv4.dns 1.1.1.1
#ip获取方式
nmcli connection modify ens33 ipv4.method [下面的选项]
auto disabled link-local manual shared
生效配置
nmcli connection reload
nmcli connection up 接口名
#开机自动连接
nmcli connection modify 接口名 connection.autoconnect yes
启动接口或关闭接口
#开启
nmcli connection up ens33
#关闭
nmcli connection down ens33文件方式查看信息
cat /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ens33.nmconnection
[connection]
id=ens33
uuid=1be8b6ff-e9bd-3cf3-8209-f18a11aea9f4
type=ethernet
autoconnect-priority=-999
interface-name=ens33
timestamp=1738864787
[ethernet]
[ipv4]
address1=192.168.31.70/24
dns=192.168.31.1;
gateway=192.168.31.1
method=manual
[ipv6]
addr-gen-mode=eui64
method=auto
[proxy]
存放dns的文件
cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
nameserver 192.168.31.1
iftop 网络流量实时查看
使用方法比较简单，直接看步骤
# Centos源里没有，装个epel源 [root@Centos-S-10 /]# yum install epel-release.noarch [root@Centos-S-10 /]# yum clean all && yum makecache #启动，进去后按h有帮助 [root@Centos-S-10 /]# iftop
环境变量
查看环境变量
echo $PATH
/root/.local/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/tmp/test环境变量是告诉系统，当用户调用命令（程序）时去哪里找，这其中就分两种：
- 用户环境变量，只针对当前登录的用户，文件地址 ~/.bash_profile
- 全局环境变量，所有用户登录时有效，文件地址 /etc/profile
临时修改变量的方法
#这条命令即时生效
export PATH=$PATH:/tmp/test
修改变量命令 PATH=$PATH:新的路径只要把这条命令写到对应的文件末尾（上面两个文件地址），就能长期修改环境变量，然后通过source命令使对应的文件生效。
source /etc/profile
SSH
#安装
dnf install openssh-server
#配置文件位置
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
#几个常用的修改项
PermitRootLogin yes
Port 22
#启动ssh
systemctl start sshd
#开机启动ssh
systemctl enable sshd
#重启ssh
systemctl restart sshd
还有一个ssh_congfig文件，这个是ssh客户端的配置文件
Hostname
#修改主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname Centos-S-10
#查看主机名
hostnamectl hostname
Centos-S-10
